Animal Testing Is It Right - 912 Words

Animal Testing: is it Right? Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, or animal research, is the use of non-human animals in experiments. While most people think animal testing is necessary, others are upset by what they see as needless suffering. Experimentation on animals help scientists increase knowledge about the way the human body works. Animal research can also expand the knowledge of biological, medical, psychological studies, and has led to vaccines against smallpox, measles, mumps, and diphtheria and tetanus. Sources of laboratory animals vary between countries and species, most commonly used animals that the experiments are conducted with include: mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, and dogs. The research is conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, farms, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry. The earliest references to animal testing are found in the writings of the Greeks in the second and fourth cen turies BCE. Aristotle and Erasistratus were amongst the first to perform experiments on living animals. Avenzoar, an Arabian physician in 12th-century Moorish Spain who also practiced dissection, introduced animal testing as an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. All animal experimentation should be outlawed because animal testing is unethical, inaccurate, and costly. Firstly, animal testing is unethical, wouldShow MoreRelatedThe Rights Of Animal Testing2041 Words   |  9 Pagesforth on the rights of all animals with further argument or debates, do humans have the right to use animals on medical testing and lab use? There are several issues that can be placed in this argument this research will acknowledge four important topics in the rights of animal testing. Is it right to use animals for testing? Is it right to compare animal DNA to human DNA in these animal experiments? Is it right to use real animals instead of computers to generate results? Is it right to state animalsRead MoreAnimal Rights And Animal Testing And Abuse2163 Words   |  9 PagesResearch Paper: What are animal rights according to animal testing and abuse? For as long as people and animals have been around there has been question to what their rights are; the main ones being how they should be treated, and if they can feel pain like humans. People all around the world eat meat on the daily like it is no big deal but what they do not know is how a lot of the animals are treated while being raised. Chickens, cows, and pigs are a major part of this; people raise them on farmsRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Right Or Wrong1978 Words   |  8 Pageswho is cruel to animals becomes hard also in his dealings with men. We can judge the heart of a man by his treatment of animals.† This paper will be covering the moral issue on animal testing and whether animal testing is right or wrong. I will be applying the theories of Deontological, Utilitarianism and Virtue Ethics viewpoints on animal testing and then see which moral issue is better. Animal testing is a very relevant and debatable moral issue. It is when scientists take animals and run differentRead MoreIs Animal Testing Wrong or Right? Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesall animal testing that is effective on animals are ineffective on humans (ASPCA). Despite this alarming statistic, scientists still use animals in these experiments. Scientist give the animals no choice in whether they or going to be used in an experiment. Animal testing is when scientist use products, vaccinations or other things they develop for humans and use on animals. Scientist use all types of animals, but the most common are rats, mice, birds, reptiles and amphibians (ASPCA). Animal testingRead MoreThe Rights Activists On The Thoughts Of Animal Testing1454 Words   |  6 PagesAsking just about any animal rights activists on the thoughts of animal testing, it is reasonable to expect that the majority of them would address crucial flaws in many of the laws in regards to animals and how anim als are supposedly â€Å"protected† by these laws. Trained scientists and researchers take on the key role of testing on animals in laboratories and facilities throughout the world, using the excuse that we are expanding knowledge and furthering medical research. In the United States aloneRead MoreAnimal Testing Harms And Violates The Rights Of The Animal Itself1485 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing harms and violates the rights of the animal itself. Some people say it is okay because the animal does not know the difference between right from wrong. Animal testing creates a traumatizing experience for the animal. Their bodies become damaged from all the burning and allergic reactions they have to undergo from the chemicals. The animals do not know what is going on, nor do they know where they are because they have been taken out of their natural habitats. The change in environmentRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally The Right Thing2068 Words   |  9 Pagesof animals across the globe are being used in labs as a way to experiment and test things such as cosmetics and drugs while also being used for biology lessons, medical training and sometimes just curiosity-driven experimentations. Many would say these test are infringing on the â€Å"animal s right†.we will look at immanuel kant with his theory of the categorical imperative and other philosophers such as aristotle and will demonstrate how they have had a large impact on how we see these animals rightsRead MoreAnimal Testing: the Animal Rights Debate. New York: the Rosen Publishing1992 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature Review: Annotations Books: Hayhurst, Chris. Animal Testing: The Animal Rights Debate. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. 2000. Print. Summary/Description: This book discusses the pros and cons of animal testing. It gives a brief history of the animal right movement, and It also address the legal and ethical issues involved around this cruel testing. The Animal Act was rejected by Congress in the United States and animal testing became a part of scientific and medical life. Evaluation/Assessment:Read More Animal Testing Needs To Stop Essay990 Words   |  4 Pagesshould stop animal testing. By animal testing, the companies not only violate the animals rights (which is breaking the law), but their testing methods are hazardous which endanger the animals life. Finally, the companies should stop animal testing because each year we lose hundreds of thousands of animals and could make a difference by stopping this cruelty. Stop the animal testing, and save a life. To start with, cosmetic and drug companies should stop animal testing their productsRead MoreSave Animals. Say No to Animal Testing!1390 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay: Save animals. Say no to animal testing! Nowadays, it is a well-known fact that many companies test their products like cosmetics and medicines with animals before production to check their products ’safety and quality. A huge amount of animals are used in research purpose every year. Is it right for human beings to sacrifice millions of animals for testing purpose? Should animal testing be banned? Animal testing is a controversial issue and there is a heated debated about pros

Com100 R3 Nonverbal Textual Communicati Essay - 728 Words

University of Phoenix Material Nonverbal, Interpersonal, and Textual Communication Worksheet Nonverbal communication plays an essential role in any conversation. Individuals who are aware of nonverbal actions during conversations can more effectively interpret what is being communicated. Part 1 Look at the interactions between the individuals in the following photos and interpret what you think is being expressed through nonverbal communication. Please describe the nonverbal cues that lead you to these interpretations. What is being said nonverbally by each person? If he is waiting for a job interview, what impression do you think he is going to make? What is the interviewer (the woman on the right) communicating with†¦show more content†¦We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans—born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.† — John F. Kennedy (1961 Inaugural Address) In a sense weve come to our nations capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the ‘unalienable Rights’ of ‘Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.’ It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked ‘insufficient funds.’ But we refuse to

The capital punishment free essay sample

Capital Punishment Capital penalty is the lawful act of taking the life of a individual who has been convicted of a offense. There has much argument over the old ages refering capital penalty and its effectivity as a offense disincentive, requital, and the methods in which the executings are carried out. All the mentioned factors lead to the inquiry of should the United States use capital penalty? Harmonizing to Cheatwood the disincentive statement for capital punishmentclaims that the being of thedeath punishment and the usage of that punishment will discourage violent offense within the political legal power in which the jurisprudence exist and is applied. If that is true, so in two basically similar legal powers that differ merely in the being and usage of capital penalty the degree of violent offense in the legal power that employs the decease punishment should be lower than the degree in the legal power that does non ( Cheatwood,1993, para. 17 ) . Cheatwood ( 1993 ) found that in consideration of the research conducted in 1976 it showed that neither the being of capital penalty at province degree, nor the passage of proviso as demonstrated by the figure of executings in the province would hold an consequence on discouraging offense at the county degree. Some think that capital penalty is barbarous, others believe that it is requital for hideous offenses committed ( Zimring, 2000 ) . Many would hold with me that in the instance of Angel Diaz a adult male who was convicted and sentenced to decease was subjected to brutal and inhumane conditions, something went awfully incorrect. The drugs administered left his weaponries severely burned ; the medical tester said that none of the medicine administered went to the right topographic point. Witnesss stated the deceased seemed to endure during the procedure, harmonizing to testimony it took 34 proceedingss, which is 20 proceedingss longer than normally required for an executing. Harmonizing to testimony 14 phials of stuff was used before Diaz was successfully executed ( National Public Radio,2007 ) . Jed Bush who was the Governor of Florida during this bungled executing called the moratorium in that province on all prosecutions until they could acquire to the underside of what was traveli ng incorrect with the legal injection protocol ( National Public Radio, 2007 ) . During an interview on National Public Radio Dahlia Lithwick stated that 22 of the 40 provinces that allow the decease punishment either have moratoria or they re sing enforcing moratoria. Two other provinces officially banned deadly injection, and one has found the decease punishment unconstitutional ( National Public Radio,2007 ) . Some provinces admit that they believe in capital penalty but do non hold with the black manner it is administered ( National Public Radio,2007 ) . Some provinces think that if the accused has committed slaying so he or she must decease as requital. They believe that life imprisonment does non function as requital for the loss of guiltless life. Defenders of capital penalty besides argue that it is a offense hindrance. I do non hold with capital penalty, but many agree that it is merely requital. How can we stand behind a jurisprudence that commits the same act that it convicts? I do hold that society has an duty to protect its citizens. Murderers and others who commit offenses that are damaging to the safety and public assistance of society should be reprimanded but legitimately killing another is perpetrating slaying. Some feel that the lone manner to vouch that a convicted liquidator will non kill once more is by enforcing the decease punishment. This is true ; the accused will non kill once more because he or she is deceased. Most research has produced no findings that capital penalty is a offense hindrance. There is no grounds to back up the claim that the decease punishment is a more effectual hindrance of violent offense than, state, life imprisonment. In fact, statistical surveies that have compared the slaying rates of legal powers with and without the decease punishment have shown that t he rate of slaying is non related to whether the decease punishment is in force: There are as many slayings committed in legal powers with the decease punishment as in those without. Unless it can be demonstrated that the decease punishment, and the decease punishment entirely, does in fact deter offenses of slaying, we are obligated to forbear from enforcing it when other options exist ( Andre A ; Velasquez,1988, ) . This is a argument that will travel on for old ages to come. Capital penalty should be abolished because of bungled executings and claims of racism. It besides fair to state that those who ca nt afford to appeal their instances because of deficiency of financess are more likely sentenced to decease than those who can afford a good legal defence. In some instances guiltless people are sentenced to decease. All life is of value whether or non it is taken illegal or legal it is unfair. Mentions Cheatwood, D. ( 1993 ) .Capital penalty and the disincentive of violent offense in comparable counties.Criminal Justice Review ( Georgia State University ) , 18 ( 2 ) , 165-181. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx? direct=true A ; db=sih A ; AN=14243834 A ; site=ehost-live Zimring, E. F. ( 2000 ) Capital Punishment, Online Encyclopedia Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //autocww.colorado.edu/~blackmon/E64ContentFiles/LawAndCourts/CapitalPunishment.html National Public Radio, Day to Day. ( 2007, February13 ) . Florida mulls lethal-injection jobs. Message posted to http: //http: /www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php? storyId=7382349 Andre, C. , A ; Velasquez, M. ( 1988 ) .Capital penalty our responsibility or doom.Isssues in Ethical motives, 1 ( 3 ) , . Retrievedfromhttp: //www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v1n3/capital.html

History Of The Automobile Essays - American Brands, Steam Car, Car

History of the Automobile History of the Automobile Automobiles are one of the most important and prominent inventions possibly ever created. Without automobiles our lives would be completely changed and different. Automobiles changed the way people traveled and lived. Without cars there would be no drive-ins, drive-thru fast food restaurants, and shopping centers. People depend on their cars whether they're earning their living, or traveling to their dream vacation spot. The United States is the leading producer of automobiles and is often called the "Nation On Wheels." The U.S has become very dependent on cars for transportation. Racing automobiles is also a very popular sport which attracts millions of enthusiasts nation-wide. Whether it's a local race track, or a huge Nascar track, people love racing and the thrill, and also the danger. The history of automobiles is a long, and laborious one. From the first self propelled road vehicle created in the 1790's, to the modern road machine of today, it hasn't been an easy road to follow (no pun intended) for the automobile. Many people mocked the car, and you used to hear the phrase "Get a horse" a lot back when cars were first mass produced. Even with these vicissitudes, the automobile has overcome these hardships to become one of the most required inventions ever assembled. The steam car was the first road vehicle that could travel by themselves, even though they had a top speed of a whopping 3 miles per hour, and had to stop every 10 to 15 minutes to build up steam. The first vehicle that could carry passengers was produced until 1801. These steam carriages annoyed people very much by being noisy, dirty, and by frightening horses. Many american inventors tampered with steam automobiles such as J.N Carhart, Richard Dudgeon, and Sylvester H. Roper, but the most sucessful were the Stanley twins, Francis E. and Freelan O. The electric car was actually popular in America in the late 1890's and early 1900's. One of America's pioneer electric cars was built in about 1890 by William Morrison in Des Moines Iowa. People liked the electric car because it was easy to operate, ran quietly, and didn't excrete putrid fumes. But of course there were drawbacks like you couldn't go over 20 miles per hour and the battery had to be recharged constantly. For these reasons the electric car was replaced by the gasoline engine. The general design of modern automobiles was developed in France. Emile Levassor and Rene Panhard built their first cars in 1890 using a Daimler engine. These cars used chains like those found in bicycles to carry the engine's power to the back wheels. Many American inventors experimented with gasoline powered vehicles in the early 1890's. Many claimed that they were the first to design and build sucessfully a automobile. Most pioneers of the automobile later became famous in the industry. The creation of the first auto assembly line was caused by a fire that destroyed the Olds Motor Works in Detroit. This caused Olds to sign contracts with the owners of small machine shops to manufacture many parts for his cars. With this method, the company built 425 cars in 1901, 3750 in 1902, and 500 in 1903. Most car companies followed the Olds company by using mass production. Henry M. Leland, president of the Cadillac Automobile Company developed the concept of using interchangeable parts. This was a big step because the interchangeable parts could be used to assemble or repair any car of the same model. Henry Ford's goal was a low-priced car that many people in all walks of life could afford. The outcome of his goal: The Model T. It sold for $850, but Ford installed a moving assembly line in his factory and they could then produce a car in a hour and a half which then caused the car to be sold for $400, the lowest price of any automobile. Over 15 million were sold. During the 1920's it was a race between Ford and GM. They were the leading producers of cars at that time. By 1937, GM was producing about 35% of the worlds automobiles. Design changed a lot during 1920's. Body lines became more graceful and the closed car became popular. Engines became more powerful and quieter and many other improvements came during this period. During World War 2 production of cars for civilians almost halted because the factories were being used for military supplies. After WW2, more improvements were made and foreign cars became more popular. Today 41 millions vehicles are produced every year in which one third come from the U.S Gasoline shortages and

Viracocha and the Legendary Origins of the Inca

Viracocha and the Legendary Origins of the Inca Viracocha and the Legendary Origins of the Inca: The Inca people of the Andean region of South America had a complete creation myth which involved Viracocha, their Creator God. According to legend, Viracocha emerged from Lake Titicaca and created all of the things in the world, including man, before sailing off into the Pacific Ocean. The Inca Culture: The Inca culture of western South America was one of the most culturally rich and complex societies encountered by the Spanish during the Age of Conquest (1500-1550). The Inca ruled a mighty empire that stretched from present-day Colombia to Chile. They had complicated society ruled by the emperor in the city of Cuzco. Their religion centered on a small pantheon of gods including Viracocha, the Creator, Inti, the Sun, and Chuqui Illa, the Thunder. The constellations in the night sky were revered as special celestial animals. They also worshiped huacas: places and things that were somehow extraordinary, like a cave, a waterfall, a river or even a rock that had an interesting shape. Inca Record Keeping and the Spanish Chroniclers: It is important to note that although the Inca did not have writing, they had a sophisticated record-keeping system. They had a whole class of individuals whose duty it was to remember oral histories, passed down from generation to generation. They also had quipus, sets of knotted strings which were remarkably accurate, especially when dealing with numbers. It was by these means that the Inca creation myth was perpetuated. After the conquest, several Spanish chroniclers wrote down the creation myths they heard. Although they represent a valuable source, the Spanish were far from impartial: they thought they were hearing dangerous heresy and judged the information accordingly. Therefore, several different versions of the Inca creation myth exist: what follows is a compilation of sorts of the major points on which the chroniclers agree. Viracocha Creates the World: In the beginning, all was darkness and nothing existed. Viracocha the Creator came forth from the waters of Lake Titicaca and created the land and the sky before returning to the lake. He also created a race of people - in some versions of the story they were giants. These people and their leaders displeased Viracocha, so he came out of the lake again and flooded the world to destroy them. He also turned some of the men into stones. Then Viracocha created the Sun, Moon and stars. People are Made and Come Forth: Then Viracocha made men to populate the different areas and regions of the world. He created people, but left them inside the Earth. The Inca referred to the first men as Vari Viracocharuna. Viracocha then created another group of men, also called viracochas. He spoke to these viracochas and made them remember the different characteristics of the peoples that would populate the world. Then he sent all of the viracochas forth except for two. These viracochas went to the caves, streams, rivers and waterfalls of the land - every place where Viracocha had determined that people would come forth from the Earth. The viracochas spoke to the people in these places, telling them the time had come for them to come out of the Earth. The people came forth and populated the land. Viracocha and the Canas People: Viracocha then spoke to the two that had remained. He sent one to the east to the region called Andesuyo and the other to the west to Condesuyo. Their mission, like the other viracochas, was to awaken the people and tell them their stories. Viracocha himself set out in the direction of the city of Cuzco. As he went along, he awoke those people who were in his path but who had not yet been awakened. Along the way to Cuzco, he went to the province of Cacha and awoke the Canas people, who emerged from the Earth but did not recognize Viracocha. They attacked him and he made it rain fire upon a nearby mountain. The Canas threw themselves at his feet and he forgave them. Viracocha Founds Cuzco and Walks Over the Sea: Viracocha continued to Urcos, where he sat on the high mountain and gave the people a special statue. Then Viracocha founded the city of Cuzco. There, he called forth from the Earth the Orejones: these big-ears (they placed large golden discs in their earlobes) would become the lords and ruling class of Cuzco. Viracocha also gave Cuzco its name. Once that was done, he walked to the sea, awakening people as he went. When he reached the ocean, the other viracochas were waiting for him. Together they walked off across the ocean after giving his people one last word of advice: beware of false men who would come and claim that they were the returned viracochas. Variations of the Myth: Because of the number of conquered cultures, the means of keeping the story and the unreliable Spaniards who first wrote it down, there are several variations of the myth. For example, Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa (1532-1592) tells a legend from the Caà ±ari people (who lived south of Quito) in which two brothers escaped Viracocha’s destructive flood by climbing a mountain. After the waters went down, they made a hut. One day they came home to find food and drink there for them. This happened several times, so one day they hid and saw two Caà ±ari women bring the food. The brothers came out of hiding but the women ran away. The men then prayed to Viracocha, asking him to send the women back. Viracocha granted their wish and the women came back: the legend says that all the Caà ±ari are descended from these four people. Father Bernabà © Cobo (1582-1657) tells the same story in greater detail. Importance of the Inca Creation Myth: This creation myth was very important to the Inca people. The places where the people emerged from the Earth, such as waterfalls, caves and springs, were venerated as huacas - special places inhabited by a sort of semi-divine spirit. At the place in Cacha where Viracocha allegedly called fire down upon the belligerent Canas people, the Inca built a shrine and revered it as a huaca. At Urcos, where Viracocha had sat and given the people a statue, they built a shrine as well. They made a massive bench made of gold to hold the statue. Francisco Pizarro would later claim the bench as part of his share of the loot from Cuzco. The nature of Inca religion was inclusive when it came to conquered cultures: when they conquered and subjugated a rival tribe, they incorporated that tribes beliefs in their religion (although in a lesser position to their own gods and beliefs). This inclusive philosophy is in stark contrast to the Spanish, who imposed Christianity on the conquered Inca while attempting to stamp out all vestiges of native religion. Because the Inca people allowed their vassals to keep their religious culture (to an extent) there were several creation stories at the time of the conquest, as Father Bernabà © Cobo points out: With regard to who these people may have been and where they escaped from that great inundation, they tell a thousand absurd stories. Each nation claims for itself the honor of having been the first people and that everyone else came from them. (Cobo, 11) Nevertheless, the different origin legends have a few elements in common and Viracocha was universally revered in Inca lands as the creator. Nowadays, the traditional Quechua people of South America - the descendants of the Inca - know this legend and others, but most have converted to Christianity and no longer believe in these legends in a religious sense. Sources: De Betanzos, Juan. (translated and edited by Roland Hamilton and Dana Buchanan) Narrative of the Incas. Austin: the University of Texas Press, 2006 (1996). Cobo, Bernabà ©. (translated by Roland Hamilton) Inca Religion and Customs. Austin: the University of Texas Press, 1990. Sarmiento de Gamboa, Pedro. (translated by Sir Clement Markham). History of the Incas. 1907. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1999.

Managing emotions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Managing emotions - Essay Example Interaction amongst workforce within an organization is intrinsic part of cohesive work ideology. Thus, a person who brings in negative energy like tension, worry, fear, disgust etc. is likely to adversely influence organizational performance. I think organizational leadership is vital tool that promotes optimistic disposition that looks at adversity as challenges to be exploited for improved performance. I also believe that effective communication and non verbal behavior are critical aspects of inter personal interaction that send out important messages of sincerity and trust. Indeed, emotional intelligence encourages understanding of human behavior so that messages are correctly interpreted and not under some emotional upheaval. It is for this reason that tough decisions or important information that may impact people should be conveyed face to face. It helps to understand and rationalize issues and information positively. Indeed, understanding of human behavior helps the leadership to meet the challenges. They are better equipped to encourage proactive participation of individuals for improved productivity. At the same time, it also helps them to diffuse conflicting situations in the workplace. Hence, organizational culture must promote understanding of human behavior and human psychology so that negative emotions of people can be turned into assets that can be exploited for higher performance. (words:

Miriam, Naomi,Esther, and theWisdomWoman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miriam, Naomi,Esther, and theWisdomWoman - Essay Example The Hebrew word is actually closer to the meaning of righteous than innocent. Elihu therefore explained that God does not do evil and only brings upon people what their conduct deserves (34:10-11). Further, he points out that people cry out under oppression to plead for relief yet they fail to turn to God (35:9-10). Elihu then reassures Job that God does not despise men (36:5) and "He does not take his eyes off the righteous" (36:7). The gist of Elihus talk is that obeying God is necessary so that people can then spend the rest of their years in prosperity and contentment (36:11). In effect, his attempt is to extol God in the eyes of Job and proclaim Gods magnificence "beyond our understanding" (36:26). A more open response from God himself was given in the whirlwind (38-41) after He rebukes Job for expressing words without knowledge (38:2). In the film Bruce Almighty, the problem of suffering is brought out when Sharri asks Jeff why there is so much pain in the world given that God is so gracious. Dan is even more skeptical of Gods very existence as a result of the suffering he sees. A point is made that to be God, you cannot mess with freewill. In response, Sherri asks Jeff how love and freewill relates to the pain and suffering present in the world. This explains the problem of suffering, as was experienced by Job, by highlighting the real purpose of men and their suffering. Gods perspective is that He desires to have a loving relationship with his creatures. Thus, the problem of suffering is linked directly with this desire because it is the separation that actually causes suffering. Moreover, as long as freewill exists, so too will suffering. Both the Book of Job and the movie are similar in presenting characters who question the goodness of God amid the suffering they see in the world and their own lives, and presents numerous